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Scattering experiments with charged particles are particularly well established within solid state physics, among them various forms of electron microscopy and spectroscopy (e.g., scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), photoelectron spectroscopy (PES), electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). Here, the research and further development of charge particle optics (both theory- and instrumental-wise) play a central role in increasing the performance of existing instruments (e.g., spatial and energy resolution, brightness) and for the development of new instruments, thereby benefiting solid state research and materials characterization. Current research frontiers in the field of electron optics concern the development of novel aberration correctors (e.g., for correcting large fields of view), electron lenses (e.g., for high resolution imaging without exposing the sample to a magnetic field), pulsed electron sources (e.g., for ultrafast time-resolved TEM), energydispersive elements (e.g., for EELS with high energy resolution) and miniaturized devices, e.g., to facilitate in-situ TEM.
The talk discusses the fundamentals of charge particle optics employing Hamiltonian mechanics and gives a short overview over the above developments. Subsequently, we will discuss in more detail the development of: (A) miniaturized magnetostatic optics (lenses, dipoles, quadrupoles) for miniaturized electron microscopes, nanosecond timeresolved TEM, and improved electron guns; (B) ground potential magnetic monochromators for high-energy resolution EELS of low energy excitations in solids such as plasmons; and (C) in-situ tomography sample stages for high-resolution tomography of magnetic vector fields with nanometer resolution. In that we always draw the connection to current questions in solid state physics.